Astronomy 100

Section 2, Fall 2008

Topics and Reading


Unit 9. November 19, 2008. Galaxies and the Universe

Reading

Topics

1. Structure of the Galaxy: disk, halo and their differences; the likely nature of the nucleus.

2. Dimensions of Galaxy.

3. The mass of the luminous Galaxy and the existence of dark matter.

4. Age and evolution of the Galaxy; increase of metal content with time; the role of mergers.

5. Kinds of galaxies: spirals, ellipticals, irregulars.

6. Distances to other galaxies; Cepheid variables.

7. Masses of other galaxies and dark matter.

8. Clusters of galaxies.

9. Active galaxies; the likelihood of massive black holes at the centers of galaxies. 10. The velocity-distance (Hubble) relation; the meaning of the redshift, z, and the expansion of the Universe.

11. The Big Bang, the Hubble constant, and the age of the Universe.

12. The cosmic background radiation.

13. Expansion models. The curvature of the Universe.

14. The origin and evolution of the Universe; formation of galaxies.

15. Acceleration of the expansion and dark energy.